Dictionary of Electrical Engineering

Commonly used terms in the Electrical industry.

electroslag welding
a welding process that produces coalescence of metals with molten slag that melts the filler metal and the surfaces of the parts to be joined.
electrostatic discharge (ESD)
the discharge of a body through a conducting path between two pins of an IC. Circuits located at the inputs and outputs of ICs protect the internal devices from ESD events.
electrostatic precipitator
a method of extracting dust from stack gases or ventilating systems in which ions are laid on the dust particles by high-voltage electrodes and then attracted electrostatically into a trap.
electrostatic voltmeter
a voltmeter, typically used for voltages in the kilovolt range, in which the pointer is moved by the electrostatic attraction of a pair of metal plates across which the voltage to be measured is applied.
elliptical polarization
the polarization state of a radiated electromagnetic field in which the tip of the electric field vector traces an ellipse as a function of time for a fixed position. The sense of rotation of the electric field vector is either right-hand or left-hand (clockwise or counter-clockwise). Circular polarization and linear polarization are special cases of elliptical polarization.
EMC

See electromagnetic compatibility
EMI

See electromagnetic interference
EMI filter

See electromagnetic interference filter
emissivity
the fraction of the power incident on a material that is reradiated after being absorbed by the material. For a material in thermal equilibrium, the emissivity is equal to the absorptivity.
EMP

See electromagnetic pulse
EMTP
the Electro-Magnetic Transient Program, a computer program which simulates an electric power system such that its response to disturbances may be accurately predicted.
enclosure
a box, cabinet, wall, fence, barrier, or other means designed to protect personnel from accidentally contacting energized electrical parts and to protect the electrical parts from physical damage.
end
bell the cap that forms the end of the stator housing for an electric machine with a cylindrical frame.
ends
a crimped-type wire connector.
energy
that which does work or is capable of doing work. In electrical systems, it is generally a reference to electrical energy measured in kilo-watt hours.
energy band
continuous interval of energy levels that are allowed in the periodic potential field of the crystalline lattice.
energy banking
pertaining to the maintenance of a thermal unit on hot reserve.
energy compaction
in a transformation, the concentration of the input signal energy into a relatively small part of the transformed signal. A linear transform of a random vector compacts the signal energy when the energy or variance of a small number of transform coefficients is large relative to the variance of the other coefficients.
energy conservation
the conservation of energy between the input and output of a system; i.e., the energy of the output signal is equal to that of the input signal to within a constant factor. A unitary or orthogonal transform conserves energy in that the energy or magnitude of the output vector is equal to that of the input vector.
energy gap
the width of the energy interval between the top of the valence band and the bottom of the conduction band.
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