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Commonly used terms in the Electrical industry.
ISO
International Standards Organization.
isolation
(1) the separation of a part from other parts of the system so that the effects of undesired changes in the system are not seen by the separated part.
(2) a figure (usually expressed in decibels) to describe how well a transmitting device (source) and receiving device (receiver) are separated electrically; the amount of (usually undesirable) signal appearing at the receiver from the transmitting source from an undesirable signal path such as leakage in a coupler, mutual coupling, or multipath.
isolation switch
See
bypass switch
isolation transformer
a transformer, typically with a turns ratio of 1:1, designed to provide galvanic isolation between the input and the output.
isolator
(1) a two-port passive device based on the Faraday effect. Signals passing in one direction suffer minimal loss, however, in the reverse direction they are strongly attenuated.
(2) in optics, a device inserted in an optical fiber that prevents optical power from flowing in the reverse direction from the transmitted power. Optical fiber isolators can be made either dependent or independent of the polarization direction of the optical energy in the fiber.
phase comparison relay
a phase comparison relay is a protective relay used on transmission lines which operates by comparing phase angles of signals generated at opposite ends of the line. They employ a dedicated communications channel to make the comparison. The signals compared are typically corresponding phase currents or sequence currents.